# Intro

### GSM Radio Stack

The GSM Radio Stack comprises multiple layers, each responsible for different communication aspects in GSM mobile networks:

1. **Physical Layer (Layer 1)**: Manages the actual radio transmission and reception.
2. **Data Link Layer (Layer 2)**: Includes protocols like LAPDm, responsible for error correction and reliable data transfer.
3. **Network Layer (Layer 3)**: Consists of sub-layers for call control, mobility management, and radio resource management.

![](https://2613192458-files.gitbook.io/~/files/v0/b/gitbook-x-prod.appspot.com/o/spaces%2Fn3oHn1ZSKeuSvMzHHmON%2Fuploads%2FhyHH0PPDJUskZN3svlMk%2Fgsm_protocol_stack.gif?alt=media\&token=7da5d5e3-9ef0-4ce5-a29a-6c4a563d0579)

This layered approach ensures efficient management and operation of GSM mobile communications.